Do You Exist Because You Think, or Do You Think Because You Exist, or Neither? Essay

So as to consider â€Å"I exist since I think† or †I think since I exist†, I would characterize the â€Å"I exist since I think† as â€Å"I think† is the reason for â€Å"I exist†. This infers â€Å"I think† show up before â€Å"I exist† and cause â€Å"I exist† to occur. In the opposite side, â€Å"I think since I exist† would be â€Å"I exist† is the reason for â€Å"I think†. This infers â€Å"I exist† show up before â€Å"I think† and cause â€Å"I think† to occur. Regarding rationale, I would state â€Å"I think since I exist â€Å" is increasingly suitable. It is on the grounds that I should exist first, in this manner I can think about my reality. Things about me or myself are difficult to occur before my reality and cause my reality. In the accompanying paper, I might want to clarify why â€Å"I exist since I think† is bogus and clarify â€Å"I think since I exist† is valid. Let me initially clarify why ‘I exist since I think’ is bogus. On the off chance that ‘I exist since I think’ is valid, each time when I think I exist and when I don't figure, I don't exist. As I referenced, â€Å"Think† is by all accounts the reason for my reality for this situation. In what capacity can my deduction exist before my reality and cause my reality. Along these lines, I should exist first, at that point I can consider â€Å"I exist† or not. Truth be told, each moment whatever I am cognizant or not, I am existing in this world, If my body truly is existing. For instance, an individual whose body practically works however misfortune his cognizant. He is as yet alive however he can't figure, we can't state he is inexistent, in light of the fact that he isn't dead. In other word, I can exist without â€Å"I think†, however â€Å"I think† can't be without I exist. Besides, as Descartes said â€Å"I think, accordingly I am† to demonstrate the obvious truth of self-presence. He recommended that each time when we question that â€Å"I† exist or not, we can supreme sure that â€Å"I† am existing by this demonstration. At that point he said that the abhorrent virtuoso couldn't mislead us â€Å"I exist† in light of the fact that before the shrewdness genius’s trickiness, â€Å"I† must exist first, at that point I can be beguiled here and there by the underhanded virtuoso. So â€Å"I exist† is undeniable truth. Thus, to state â€Å"I think since I exist† is valid, The principal basis is I ust exist first. Along these lines, I can consider my reality. So â€Å"I think† must base on â€Å"I exist†. Interestingly, if â€Å"I exist† depends on â€Å"I think†, this is outlandish that â€Å"I think† show up before â€Å"I exist†. By what method can my psyche a nd thinking exist conditionally? Albeit a few researchers may contend that mind wave what we call apparitions can exist after life, they might be different types of human idea â€Å"I think† showing up without â€Å"I exist†. Nonetheless, who have seen phantom in this world? In any event until today nobody can demonstrate apparitions exist in this world. So â€Å"I think† isn't the reason that I can exist. Be that as it may, â€Å"I exist† is the reason for I can think. To finish up, â€Å"I think† can't exist without â€Å"I exist†. It ought to be â€Å"I exist† first then â€Å"I think† â€Å"I exist†. As the accompanying chart appears: If it is â€Å"I exist since I think†, it would be missing I exist in any case, as beneath outline appears: Nothing can exist before itself, so before I figure, I should exist. In other word, â€Å"I exist† doesn't subject to â€Å"I think†, however â€Å"I think† do reliant on â€Å"I exist†. Along these lines, â€Å"I think since I exist† is valid.

The concept map for teaching spoken English

Publicizing We will compose a custom coursework test on The idea map for showing communicated in English explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Differences between the two idea maps The main guide is a straightforward portrayal of what the instructor would include in showing communicated in English. Then again, the subsequent guide is a definite guide with unequivocal substance of all components of showing communicated in English, usage, and assessment. The principal map gives a review of the exercise and its basic ideas. After the instructor had evaluated materials for showing the communicated in English to ESL class, he built up the subsequent guide dependent on new information picked up. Along these lines, the subsequent guide gives all highlights that the instructor requires to actualize the exercise successfully. The primary guide just presents different highlights of the communicated in English. The subsequent guide gives various subtleties of what the educator should instruct in the communicated in English exercise. For example, talking abilities, elocution, and listening aptitudes are center parts of communicated in English, which are in the subsequent guide. They additionally reach out to feature explicit degrees of instructing i.e., word and sound levels.Advertising Looking for coursework on training? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Under articulation, we can see that boring is the best methodology for vowels and consonants as featured in the principal map. Notwithstanding, the subsequent guide separates it to perspectives like voicing, spot, and way. Also, there are different components of articulation, which one can distinguish, for example, correspondence, sounds, varieties in sound creation, and other non-familiarity highlights like reiteration. It is additionally imperative to take note of that the subsequent guide has plainly recognized explicit jobs of the instructor an d understudies. One can likewise distinguish various degrees of students’ abilities like tenderfoot or rudimentary, middle of the road, and propelled levels. The subsequent guide has presented nitty gritty components of instructing. For example, we have the entire exercise, the unmistakable stage, and the incorporated stage. In the subsequent guide, the instructor can likewise distinguish appraisal subtleties of the communicated in English exercise. The subsequent guide has included arranging subtleties with the goal that the instructor can have a consistent method of training exercise substance. Along these lines, the instructor can actualize the exercise successfully without difficulties. These highlights are not in the principal map. The subsequent guide has one of a kind highlights, which interlinks the whole exercise and arranging procedures to every other action of the exercise. For example, there is an immediate bolt from the entire exercise to exercise arranging. Such bolts are additionally present in phases of exercise arranging and the job of the instructor and understudies. Moreover, there are additionally bends, which show the heading of development between exercises. They show that the exercise is bound together entire, and the instructor must follow groupings for successful usage. This shows information securing in the communicated in English exercise requires an incorporated methodology. The main guide needs pictures. In the subsequent guide, there are pictures inserted inside the exercise. For example, compelling educating of communicated in English requires the instructor and students to interact.Advertising We will compose a custom coursework test on The idea map for showing communicated in English explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The image distinguishes collaboration between the educator and the student in the learning forms. What's more, there is likewise an image of students occupied with pretending (understudy association) and playing so as to student voicing, spot, and others. Generally speaking, the subsequent guide is a point by point introduction of how an instructor can execute an exercise plan of the communicated in English in the ESL class. It shows intelligent successions of learning and joining techniques for showing the subsequent language and information acquisitions. A methodology of instructing English I would use later on The underlying methodology is let understudies to comprehend the significance of communicated in English in their lives. It is important for understudies to comprehend that the need to learn and apply communicated in English has expanded altogether among individuals from various pieces of the world. Understudies must comprehend that such needs emerge because of worldwide exercises like exchange, openings for work, the travel industry, further training, and voyaging or the travel industry. In this manner, individuals of various ages and nationalities need t o learn communicated in English to address such issues. Learning communicated in English will guarantee that understudies can discuss plainly with self-assurance and viably convey their messages. They should likewise comprehend that English is a worldwide language. At this examination level, (our investigation level is transitional) the instructor realizes that understudies won't have the option to learn English as kids do on the grounds that it is an unknown dialect. Given the unpredictability of showing communicated in English (see the idea maps), it is essential to stress the job of training so as to diminish impacts of the primary language on English. I will tell the understudy that they need an additional push to talk familiar and precise English. I would likewise be keen on understanding what components may ruin or persuade my understudies to learn communicated in English. Subsequently, my future methodology of training communicated in English would be an extensive methodology dependent on necessities and inspiration of students.Advertising Searching for coursework on training? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More My understudies are Saudi Arabia middle of the road English understudies. They have learned English in the earlier years. Be that as it may, I don't anticipate that them should show significant levels of certainty, precision, familiarity, and jargon utilizations when communicating in English. In this manner, my methodology of training communicated in English will likewise rouse students to conquer their troubles. My exercise would mirror the significance of showing abilities in tuning in, elocution, and talking. These are significant components of powerful interchanges. On this note, I would endeavor to comprehend general capacities and shortcomings of understudies in these parts of communicated in English. Herbert states that educators ought to recognize difficulties, which understudies have so as to concentrate on such difficulties when instructing (Herbert, 2002, p. 188-200). I will perceive that instructing elocution goes past sounds. Therefore, I will fuse word pressure, sound, and worry in sentences as parts of elocution for ESL students. There are likewise linkages in words, which my exercise would clarify. During my exercise, understudies would take note of the job of their primary languages and their effects on way to express English words. Be that as it may, a successful practice would guarantee that understudies gain certainty and improve their relational abilities (Hewings, 2007, p. 30). It will likewise be critical to let understudies to realize that it is ridiculous to accomplish the degree of a local speaker in English articulation. It would likewise be imperative to urge understudies to rehearse elocution at whatever point they discover a chance to permit them reduce the impact of their local language on English. Understudies will likewise get the hang of talking and listening aptitudes. Be that as it may, the decision of these aptitudes would rely upon the degree of students’ capacities (moderate). At first, I will urge my understudy to ace discrete abilities in learning communicated in English (Rost, 1990, p. 99-177). They will perceive different types of words, strong content components, and catchphrases in communicated in English. These may shape the premise of the exercise. In any case, I will acquaint understudies with interpretive procedures of tuning in which we will take part in getting discussion and talk. Understudies will take part in perusing composed messages noisily. During this procedure, I will underline the job of understudies at whatever point they are perusing writings resoundingly. For example, contemporary methodologies of encouraging listening abilities expect understudies to be dynamic members during the time spent learning. In such manner, I would urge my understudies to build up their listening abilities by utilizing different methodologies to improve, screen, and evaluate such aptitudes. In this way, my class would accentuate the job of understudies as attentive people. Doff sees that unde rstudies must get both tuning in and talking aptitudes so as to acknowledge effective discussions (Doff, 1988, p. 78-90). Generally, understudies would rehash what the educator has stated, remember a discussion or a story and give answer to drills. These were sentence-based ways to deal with accomplish capability in reiteration or drill draws near. Be that as it may, I would apply an open based way to deal with show communicated in English (Richards, 2008, p. 1-2). In this specific circumstance, I would urge my understudies to create talking aptitudes through producing thoughts and fathoming errands with the point of creating familiarity, exactness, and jargon. Hence, I would apply data hole and urge understudies to utilize communicated in English in genuine correspondences dependent on information gained already. This methodology would permit understudies to obtain aptitudes in correspondence and take part in significant exchanges, which would assist them with developing powerful o ral abilities. I will support lucidity and perception of syntax runs as Hedge notes (Hedge, 2000, p. 259). Instructing requires viable arranging of the exercise plan. As indicated by Butt, great arranging, study hall the board, and supported execution are the most ideal methods of guaranteeing successful learning (Butt, 2006, p. 65-80). As an instructor, I would ensure that I cautiously plan my exercises by arranging them as far as presentation or hotter, pre-task exercises, during assignments, and post-undertakings exercises. Hotter exercises would be valuable for getting ready understudies for dynamic cooperation in the communicated in English exercise. At the halfway level, understudies will take part in conversations, distributed exercises, s

The Devils Knot and the West Memphis Three essays

The Devil's Knot and the West Memphis Three papers One would accept that equity is found in each law and in each court, and judges and members of the jury are the ideal instruments to exhibit such reasonableness on each circumstance. In any case, not all individuals get reasonable preliminaries notwithstanding sexual orientation, race, ethnic foundation or religion as set up by the American legal framework. For instance, all through decades a large number of honest individuals have been blamed, captured, tormented, put to preliminary, and oppressed for the act of black magic and Satanism. In her book Devil's Knot: The True Story of the West Memphis Three, Mara Leveritt describes the tale of three multi year old young men that vanish on one night what's more, are discovered dead on close by stream the next day. In her book she portrays the abominations done to this children and gives an exact record of all the things found in the scene and how three adolescents are blamed for the wrongdoing. In spite of the fact that there was little proof left at the wrongdoing scene, the agents had the option to discover adequate motivations to charge the litigants The auditors and examiners carelessness is one of the variables that drives them to frame theories. For instance, in the article of the case examiner Gitchell chooses to grill the entirety of the families. When the Byers are called to affirm, Ryan ,the sibling of one of the people in question, describes the tale of what happened that night. In his portrayal of the occasions he tells the police that when his family didn't discover Christopher, they went to look for him and on that night he went to the forested areas with his companions to look for his sibling, and when he got back at 12 PM his dad had sent him to bed. Moreover, the police interviews Imprint Byers ,Christopher's stepfather. In his cross examination he gives the same subtleties that Ryan gave aside from a certain something: he told the police that when Ryan got back the two of them went to look for Christopher. The officials clearly... <!

Faith in Hinduism - Free Essay Example

Hindus say that their faith is timeless and has always existed but researchers believe Hinduism formally started somewhere between 2300 B.C. and 1500 B.C. in the Indus Valley, near modern-day Pakistan. Hinduism does not have one founder but is instead a combination of various beliefs. Around 1500 B.C., the Indo-Aryan people migrated to the Indus Valley, and their language and culture blended with the indigenous people living in the region. Because of the language barrier it is hard to decipher what really went on in this time period, but researchers came to the conclusion that this religion seems to have temple rituals and ritual bathing in the great bath found at Mohenjo-Daro. There is some evidence of animal sacrifice at Kalibangan, a number of terracotta figurines have been found, they looked like goddess images, and a seal depicting a seated figure surrounded by animals that some researchers thought to be a model of the god Shiva (Brodd, J. 2016). The period where the Vedas were calm was known as the Vedic Period and lasted from about 1500 B.C. to 500 B.C. The early Vedic religion centered on the sacrifice and sharing the sacrificial meal with each other and with the many gods (devas), (Brodd, J. 2016). The Puranic and Classic Periods took place between 500 B.C. and 500 A.D. Hindus began to enforce the worship of deities, particularly Vishnu, Shiva and Devi. Dharma was a concept, like a way of living that means law, duty, and truth which is central to Hinduism. It was conveyed in texts known as Dharma Sutras and Shastra which recognize three sources of dharma: revelation, tradition, and good custom, (Seaman, D. 2017). The idea of dharma was introduced in new texts, and other faiths, for instance Buddhism and Jainism. Later on between 1757 and 1848, the British controlled India and at first, the new rulers allowed Hindus to practice their religion without interference. However later the Christian missionaries wanted to convert the people. Many reformers emerged during the British Period, during all of this, the well-known politician and peace activist, Mahatma Gandhi, comes in leads a movement that sided for Indias independence. He influenced the religion a lot, especially his teachings on non-violence, (Seaman, D. 2017). Gandhi was assassinated in 1948 a year after India became independent. British India was split into what is now India and Pakistan, and already in this time Hinduism became the major religion of India. In the 1960s, Hindus migrated to North America and Britain, to spread the faith and philosophies to the western world. In this religion a caste system was/is handled. It is a social hierarchy in India that divides Hindus based on their karma and dharma. It is believed that the system dates back more than 3,000 years. The four main castes in order from highest to lowest is Brahmin: the intellectual and spiritual leaders, Kshatriyas: the protectors and public servants of society, Vaisyas: the skillful producers, and Shudras: the unskilled laborers, (Brodd, J. 2016). Many subcategories also exist within each caste but they all center around those main ones. There is one last one that is added but in some regions it is not recognized and those are the untouchables. They are a class of citizens that are outside the caste system and considered to be in the lowest level of the societal hierarchy. For centuries, the caste system has determined every aspect of a persons social, professional and religious status in India. When India became an independent nation, its constitution banned discrimination based on caste but the caste system is somewhat still standing even if it not intended. For example any of the old customs are overlooked, but some traditions, such as only marrying within a specific caste, are still embraced. The teaching concepts are mostly all the same what varies is the way to practice the traditions or the rituals. Also which deities they worship or recognize more than others. Brahma is believed to be the supreme God, the force present in all things, the god responsible for the creation of the world and all living things is one of the main gods. Following this are the next more recognized. The god that preserves and protects the universe is known as Vishnu. The god that destroys the universe in order to recreate it, Shiva. Devi, the goddess that fights to restore dharma. Krishna, the god of compassion, tenderness and love. Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth and purity. Saraswati, the goddess of learning. (Brodd, J. 2016) Their worship, known as puja, normally takes place in the Mandir which means temple. Hinduism people can visit the Mandir any time they please as well as they can also worship at home, or like many have a special shrine dedicated to certain gods and goddesses where they c an go to. The giving of offerings is an important part of Hindu worship, its a common practice to present gifts, like flowers or oils, to a god or goddess. There are many sacred texts Hindus value instead of holding just one holy book. Around 1500 B.C the primary texts, known as the Vedas, were composed. This collection of sacred verses and hymns contain revelations received by ancient saints and elders that were written in Sanskrit. The Vedas contain of: The Rig Veda, The Samaveda, Yajurveda, and Atharvaveda. The Hinduism people believe that the Vedas transcend all time and dont have a beginning or an end. Along with these Vedas the Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita, 18 Puranas, Ramayana and Mahabharata are also considered important texts in Hinduism, (Chatterjee, P. 1992). Hindus believe in the doctrines of samsara, this means the continuous cycle of life, death, and reincarnation. They also believe in karma which is the universal law of cause and effect this is the idea that peoples actions and thoughts directly defines their current life and future lives; this is considered one of the essential principles of the religion. One of the key thoughts of Hinduism is atman in other words the belief in soul. This philosophy preaches that living creatures have a soul, and theyre all part of the supreme soul. The goal is to ends the cycle of rebirths to become part of the absolute soul which you achieve through moksha, or salvation. Hindus strive to achieve dharma, which we learned is a code of living that emphasizes good conduct and morality. The Swastika is Hinduisms symbol, which represents good luck, later it became linked with evil when Germanys Nazi Party made it their symbol. The Om is also a Hinduism symbol and it is a sacred sound and a spiritual symb ol that signifies the essence of the ultimate reality, consciousness or Atman, (Brodd, J. 2016). In conclusion Hinduism mostly is referred to as a way of life, which is why the way you practice this religion is not judged but respected just as long as you have the fundamentals, which are believed to be the best way for oneself, and if you respect the others way of practicing.

Benefits of Student Exchange - 1775 Words

| The Benefits of Student Exchange | COM100 | | Anna Steele 4001232 | 3/10/2012 | 1. Synopsis A student exchange program is designed to encourage students to live in another country for generally a full school year. This report will cover the history of exchange programs, the benefits of undertaking study abroad in terms of the personal, cultural, educational, and employment benefits. It will also outline reasons why thousands of students around the world chose to leave their home country and study abroad. The key findings in this report show the substantial advantages that come from experiencing life in a foreign country by immersion in the culture and language. The conclusions drawn in this report have been based on various†¦show more content†¦The pressure to communicate in a country where ones mother tongue is not spoken also encourages acquisition. This is a major benefit to Australian school students, because learning a second language is no longer mandatory past Year 8. The decline in student, school, parental and community value for language learning is a con tentious issue in the Australian education system, exacerbated by a number of language teachers; many schools are unable to run classes. Therefore, students willing to participate in an exchange are helping to bridge this gap, and promote bilingualism. Regardless of the duration of a program, the student will learn to appreciate, explore and experience a different culture. The most notable difference many exchange students see in themselves is their enhanced confidence, maturity and sense of accomplishment. The development of an international social network will be a valuable, lifelong asset to the student. Not only will they make lifelong friends, but they will also develop a wider awareness of diversity, and a increased personal sensitivity to others. 4.3 Why families agree to host students There are numerous reasons why a family may host a foreign exchange student. I asked a small sample of host families why they had agreed to host a student the reasons were: * The desire to share their country and their culture with another person. * To expose their children to anotherShow MoreRelatedEssay on Benefits Of Student Exchange Programs990 Words   |  4 Pages An exchange student is a student that leaves his/her country for a foreign one for a year, where she/he usually learns a new language and experiences a new culture. Nowadays, there are more than 35 international exchange programs from which very many high school students benefit. For instance, each year, almost 13000 students travel on American Field Service Intercultural Programs between 65 countries (AFS, 2011). Unfortunately, the number of students who go on exchange is still relatively Read MoreCultural Exchange Classroom : Benefits For Students And Teachers1701 Words   |  7 PagesCultural Exchange in the Classroom: Benefits For Students and Teachers Ideally kids who are expected to become multilingual would be placed in classrooms where a teacher can speak their native language(s) and effectively communicate with the kids and the parents thereby validating the home language. Of course this isn’t always an option, and it surly wasn’t an option for my small town school. However, I believe that if the teachers could have handled the classrooms with a softer touch. By not attachingRead MoreSWOT Analysis of Curtin University802 Words   |  3 PagesThe Exchange Student Program at Curtin University faces a number of problems, but low application numbers are among the most important. Much of the problem appears to stem from communications issues. 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If international students want a perfectRead MoreSocial Exchange Theory And Social Interaction982 Words   |  4 Pagesbegin socializing with us during this time, forcing our exchanges with them and others to become â€Å"trainedâ₠¬ . Building these social relationships requires exchanges that are associated with rewards and costs. Chibucos Leite (2005), believe that in social situations, one will select only those behaviors that increase their chances of meeting egocentricities in social situations. In a relationship, if one sees a relationship as having more benefits than risks, they are more likely not to terminate theRead MoreCase Study At The Burgundy School Of Business1033 Words   |  5 PagesStep 1: Exchange Selection The specific exchange location that we have selected to create a marketing plan for is the Burgundy School of Business in Dijon, France. We have chosen this University for our project for three main reasons. First, this school offers a very diverse range of courses that are not offered at the University of Windsor or any of the other exchange destinations. They offer courses in Wine Management and Wine Business, as well as many other very fascinating courses. SecondRead MoreSocial Exchange Theory1512 Words   |  7 PagesThe Social Exchange Theory was created by researchers John W. Thibaut and Harold H. Kelley, was an attempt to everyday interpersonal relationships. This theory, with backgrounds in sociology and economics, appeals to so many because of it simple answers to human interaction and intentions. The social exchange theory is very rational and considers humans to be rational in every thought they make. It examines human behavior through costs and benefits of being in a particular relationship. The theoryRead MoreEssay about Foreign Exchange1563 Words   |  7 PagesForeign Exchange One of the greatest experiences that a college student can have is that of studying abroad. It is one of the most enlightening experiences one can ever become involved in. It is a wonderful way to learn about another culture. Unfortunately, many of the foreign exchange students at State University have a difficult time interacting with the American students on campus. This lack of interaction is causing all students at State to miss out on a very important experience. AlthoughRead MoreU.s. Securities And Exchange Commission1523 Words   |  7 Pagesoverall progress of the 529 plans and the benefits. The objective of the 529 plans by the Government of United States of America is to provide advantages to the college savers in availing the tax rebates and tax reductions. The educational system is benefiting from these plans and the document provides the analysis of the factors that play their part in the providing the benefit to the sector and the overall economy. According to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (2014), the educational systemRead MoreEco/372 International Trade and Finance Speech Essay1268 Words   |  6 PagesInternational Trade and Finance Speech International Trade and Finance Speech Foreign exchange rates and International trade are important aspects of economics. The United States macroeconomy’s health is determined by these concepts and their factors. International Trade Exports and imports are what encompass international trade balance. When there are more exports over imports a trade surplus happens and when there are more imports over exports a trade deficit happens. A country will acquire

A Streetcar Named Desire the Importance of Being Earnest

The Importance of being earnest Themes Themes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work. The Nature of Marriage Marriage is of paramount importance in The Importance of Being Earnest, both as a primary force motivating the plot and as a subject for philosophical speculation and debate. The question of the nature of marriage appears for the first time in the opening dialogue between Algernon and his butler, Lane, and from this point on the subject never disappears for very long. Algernon and Jack discuss the nature of marriage when they dispute briefly about whether a marriage proposal is a matter of â€Å"business† or â€Å"pleasure,† and Lady Bracknell touches on the issue when she states, â€Å"An engagement should†¦show more content†¦In some ways, Algernon, not Jack, is the play’s real hero. Not only is Algernon like Wilde in his dandified, exquisite wit, tastes, and priorities, but he also resembles Wilde to the extent that his fictions and inventions resemble those of an artist. The Importance of Not Being â€Å"Earnest† Earnestness, which implies seriousness or sincerity, is the great enemy of morality in The Importance of Being Earnest. Earnestness can take many forms, including boringness, solemnity, pomposity, complacency, smugness, self-righteousness, and sense of duty, all of which Wilde saw as hallmarks of the Victorian character. When characters in the play use the word serious, they tend to mean â€Å"trivial,† and vice versa. For example, Algernon thinks it â€Å"shallow† for people not to be â€Å"serious† about meals, and Gwendolen believes, â€Å"In matters of grave importance, style, not sincerity is the vital thing.† For Wilde, the word earnest comprised two different but related ideas: the notion of false truth and the notion of false morality, or moralism. The moralism of Victorian society—its smugness and pomposity—impels Algernon and Jack to invent fictitious alter egos so as to be able to escape the strictures of propriety and decency. However, what one member of society considers decent or indecent doesn’t always reflect what decency really is. One of the play’s paradoxes is the impossibility of actually being either earnest (meaning â€Å"serious† or â€Å"sincere†) or moral while claiming to be so. TheShow MoreRelatedEssay Prompts4057 Words   |  17 PagesThe Major of Casterbridge A Doll House The Piano Lesson Ghosts The Playboy of the Western World Great Expectations Romeo and Juliet The Great Gatsby The Scarlet Letter Heart of Darkness Song of Solomon The Importance of Being Earnest 2001: Novelists and playwrights have often seen madness with a â€Å"discerning eye.† Select a novel or play in which a character’s apparent madness or irrational behavior plays an important role. Then write a well-organized essay in which

Corporate Governance and Value Creation

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Governance and Value Creation. Answer: Introduction: Nowadays, real estate business has gained global recognition and has attracted the international investors and developers to invest here. It is perceived that corporate governance can improve the reputation of real estate industry by making more professional. Corporate governance focuses on the participants of the market who expect faster reply to the perceptible failures. The report here deals with the organization The Rational Estate Institute of Australia (REIA). REIA operates in the real estate market of the country, which is considered the least ethical (Acharya 2013). The organization provides valuable advice to the government. An experienced team headed by an able CEO manages the governance in REIA (Allen and Carletti 2013). Six-member organizations from different territories constitute REIA. An analysis of the external environment of the organization is also given form an idea about the industry in which the organization operates. A board of directors each from the six-member organization is selected to form the board of directors. The CEO of REIA is Jock Kreitals. An overview about the corporate governance of the organization is also given followed by a critical review of it. Based on the critical review some recommendation is given. Recommendations are mainly guidelines and not prescription to be followed. Reforms in the corporate governance enhance the transparency and increase their score in ethical issue in the Australia economy. Background of REIA and the Real Estate Industry: The Rational Estate Institute of Australia (REIA) is professional organization for the real estate sector of Australia. REIA is not politically aligned and it researches on the matters relating to real estate sector and provides advice to the Federal Government, media, and other members of the real estate sector. It is established in 1924 and it gained reputation as one of the most acceptable source regarding the commercial and residential property markets (Reia.asn.au, 2016). An able CEO along with an experienced team with requisite knowledge and credentials guides the organization towards success. Six members from different territories and state together form the REIA membership. They are Real Estate Institute of ACT, NT, SA, Tas, WA and Vic. The Affiliates Council in NSW is also included among the members of REIA. Approximately 80% of the real estate firms collectively constituted REIA (Reia.asn.au, 2016). REIA operate in the real estate sector of Australia. A PESTLE analysis gives an idea about the macro environment of the industry. Changes in taxes and laws, barriers to trade, demographic changes all constitute the macro-environment of the real estate industry. The political situation of Australia has always been stable which benefits the companies in their business. A stable business environment with skilled and educated labors and a strategic time zone all contributed in the formation of the perfect environment to attract the MNCs. The economic environment is favorable as high property prices increases the demand for rental properties. The economic environments also offers encouraging situation for investment opportunity. The property prices increases by 36.6% and the commercial properties in Perth and Brisbane gives outstanding returns on investment (Allen and Carletti 2013). Pure investment strategies enable investors to purchase off-plan properties at best prices. The social structure in Australia is divided into three statures. They are upper class, working class and middle class. Every class has different purchasing power. The property market delivers according to the purchasing power of each class. Technology leading to innovation r educes cost and enhances quality. Government invested 55% of the funds in research and industry development. The prime minister has created a post to augment science and technology in the industry. The environmental protection act imposed by the government, which will meet the availability and quality of water supply. The legal situation should be stable in which the firm operates. Minimum wage, employment and ethical issues all comes under this legal factors (Barton and Wiseman 2014). Review of REIA governance: REIA governance is compromises of a board of directors who takes strategic decision, and frames policies for the organization. The CEO and the board of directors work together to achieve excellent outcomes for the organization. Jock Kreitals is the CEO of REIA (Reia.asn.au, 2016). The board consists of single representative from each state as nominated by the Real Estate Institute. The president in REIA is Neville Sanders. He has joined the Real Estate Institute of Victoria in 1971 and became a member of REIA board. At present, Neville is in the general manager post of Whittles Australia. Hyden Groves is the deputy president who holds the real estate business after working successfully as sales representatives in a firm for years. Diane Davis is the board director of REIA. She was the former president of Real Estate Institute of Northern territory. She has been serving as Real Estate agent for 22 years. At present, she is now in the position of Branch Operations Manager of Elder Real Estate. Joseph Walton is a professional in the property market. He has experience in sales, retails, commercial leasing, and sales of residential properties and uses his knowledge to attain exemplary standard in all fields of his work. He has served in the government sectors and in charitable institutions. Joseph is a licensed agent in the real estate sector and holds the director post in Allard Shelton Pty Ltd. in Melbourne. Moreover, he is serving as a director in the Real Estate Institute of Victoria. In 2014, Greg Moulton became the CEO in Harris Real Estate. He has played extensive training role in Real Estate Institute. He has earned reputation as an auctioneer and committed himself in the Real Estate Institute. Stan Platishas joined REIA Board Director in 2004 (Reia.asn.au, 2016). He has been in the real estate industry for 19 years and currently holds the position of Board Director of REIACT. He has also received Community Service Award for his outstanding performance in th e Real Estate sector. Christopher Mourd heads Real Estate for LJ Hooker group. The residential networks and the commercial networks of LJ Hooker growth and management is looked after by him. He also has extensive knowledge and experience in international property of Northern America and South Pacific region. Adrian Kelly has served in at the real estate industry of Tasmania. He is among the board of members of Real Estate Institute of Tasmania. At present, he is an Associate in REIA. John Cunningham is highly respected in his profession for his integrity. His philosophy is to build trust in the relationships of business. His innovative approach coupled with his expertise enabled him to set milestone in real estate business. At present, he is in the President position of REINSW (Reia.asn.au, 2016). REIA is mainly concerned about the finance to the agencies of real estate. To expand the span of SMEs in the real estate market in Australia REIA conducted a survey on the real estate agents, which will provide evidence on the impact on the decreasing competition in the financial services in the post global financial crisis period. The survey revealed that the financial sector is unable to understand the requirements of SMEs and grouped them under in a single basket. The main problem was to get access to finance as the official interest rates for SMEs are increased after the worldwide financial crisis (Battistini 2014). To distinguish the relationship that exist between the structure and the ownership pattern of REIA is shown through a figure below.In the figure, the major claimants of the value in REIA are the debt and the equity, holders. Debt holders accept the risk on debt-obligation whereas the equity holders receive the value of the firm and assign the corporate decision to the managers and to the board of directors. Agency association exists within REIA between the management and the employees, depending on the complexities of the company. REIA also have a connection with its stakeholders during the normal course of its operation. These connections are illustrated in the lower half of the organization (Berger, Imbierowicz and Rauch 2016). The management has the power to alter the norms of the business and its relationship with the customers and the suppliers. The ability to make changes depends upon the characteristics of the commodities or services that are being traded. External audit are performed to provide a new viewpoint of the mechanism, which is framed to minimize the agency cost (Neubauer and Lank 2016). Finally, the figure depicts that REIA has a relationship with the social agency that encompasses the responsibilities in terms of good corporate citizen. Recently like other Australian firms, REIA has given recognition to the relationship between corporate governance and the level of performance in a company. The important part of the mechanism of the corporate governance can influence the level of cost of agency. These costs are the ability of the directors to foresee the nature of the management, review and audit the process, the role of large shareholders to incur and monitor cost and the threat to take over the market from corporate control (Boyd 2014). However, the connection between good corporate governance and the level of performance in REIA has received diverse support. The mechanism of corporate governance was designed to form deliver and develop industry-wide framework that could guide REIA and its investors in the real estate market in Australia. Some of the principles, which can be organized in three types are structural, behavioral and disclosure, are given below: To formalize the functions reserved to the board of directors and the management. A majority of the board of directors is independent with a chairperson and the role of the CEO and the chairperson should not be the same person. The organization should have an established set of code to promote responsible and ethical decision in the real estate market. The CEO and the board of directors are required to safeguard the integrity of the company. The organization should have an established written procedures and processes to ensure compliance with the rule of ASX. Disclosure of the requirements is necessary to make certain its accountability to the senior management. The organization should design communication strategies to enhance effective communication and participation at the meetings. To disclose the evaluation of the performance of the board, committees and individual directors and key executives. The organization should give recognition to the legitimate stakeholders. The structural principles assumed that the corporate governance is a matter of performance of the firms goal. The behavioral principles consist of the majority of the recommendations from the ASX council. The disclosure principle outlines REIAs ways of communication with corporate governance to collect information about the stock market (McConnell and Qi 2016). Important policy implication is not expected to change the management and governance of the company all together (Dermine 2013). The key elements of the corporate governance in REIA are: To protect the interest of the investors and which is achieved through a set of provisions. They are clearance of the funding obligations, information on the financial obligation of the company and decision-making process Investors give more importance to the Advisory Committee in terms of reference. Critical Review: The real estate sector played a crucial role in the present economic crisis. The recent crisis, to an extent, is attributed to the governance crisis. In Australia, the real estate sector is considered the least ethical. The real estate is of great importance to the institutional investors. Though theoretically it has been said that organization level of governance is important for investment in equity but evidence reveals that in REIA governance has least influence on its performance (Kohl and Schaefers 2012). The organizational structure of REIA requires fundamental changes in the principal traditional setting. In this constricted setting in which the managers of REIA operate, gives us an interesting way to experiment with the connection between governance and level of performance. Moreover, according to Harrad, Davis and Grissom (2013), corporate governance played a crucial role in the global economic crisis as returns on investment declined. However, according to, investors have s hunned the Asian markets during the beginning of the financial crisis in Asia. To investigate the impact of corporate governance on performance of the company, an analysis on the flow of capital from both residential and institutional investors is analyzed. Results showed that corporate governance affect REIAs performance both during the boom and recession periods. According to Harford (2012), the returns on stock are related directly to the corporate governance structure. Designing an investment strategy needs more time in an organization with high corporate governance compared to an organization with low corporate governance. Investors might not be able to identify the difference between a well-performed and poorly performed governance company but eventually they will be able to do so by paying a premium to the company with good governance (Joseph, Ocasio and McDonnell 2014). Recommendations: Recommendations are like guidelines that are framed to produce positive and effective outcome. Some of the suggestions are: The available information is better accessible. More detail information about the affiliations, independence, policies, share trading and composition of committees. Clarification of the concerned information In the case of foreign investment in Australia, foreigners are required to apply for investment approval prior to the purchase of any residential estate. An established set of information and functions should be reserved to the board of directors. The recommendations are framed to promote several principles, they are: An established entity has a board of directors to manage and evaluate the performance. The board of appropriate size and committed to discharge its duty efficiently. The entity should have a rigorous process to verify and and maintain the integrity of corporate reporting. The entity should have a remuneration structure to attract and retain the directors and executives. The entity should also have an effective risk management framework. Conclusion: In order to improve reputation and increase transparency, REIA uses corporate governance as its main tool. Transparency and professionalism are the main element to control and increase the confidence of the investors. Real estate has been in the foreground during the global financial crisis. In this report, the influence of the structure of corporate governance on the stock returns has been seen. The Rational Estate Institute of Australia (REIA) operates in the real estate market of the country, which is considered the least ethical. The organization provides valuable advice to the government regarding investment related issues. Six-member organizations from different territories form REIA. A PESTLE analysis gives a view on the external environment of the organization and hence, about the industry in which the organization operates. A board of directors each from the six member organizations headed by CEO of REIA, Jock Kreitals forms the board of directors. A view on the corporate go vernance of the organization is given. A critical analysis o the governance of REIA is then given. 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